A small form factor is a computer form factor designed to minimize spatial volume, typically measured in liters. Generally, the phrase "small form factor" applies to desktop computers and not to computing systems that have traditionally been small, such as embedded or mobile systems. However, "small form factor" lacks a normative definition and is consequently misappropriated as a buzzword due to its growing popularity. Manufacturers often provide self-serving definitions. The size of SFF PCs vary widely, from 1 L to 30 L or more, but as of 2007[update] the volume of a shoe box is typical. Their shapes vary from cubes to mini-towers to shallow flat cases resembling home theater components (such as VCRs or AV receivers).
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PCI/104-Express, PC/104 and EPIC SBCs Roundup
SBC Provides Right-Sized PC/104 Solution PC/104 has always shined in defense applications that need a modest amount of computer power. Adlink Technology has released the AmproRead More...
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Cots Products
20-Inch 2U Chassis for Trenton 32 Gbyte Boards The days when military system developers did everything themselves are long gone. They’d much rather find building blocks to pieceRead More...

The Inside Track
Raytheon Completes Design Review for CVN 78's Dual Band Radar Raytheon and the U.S. Navy recently completed a critical design review (CDR) for the Dual Band Radar (DBR), which will beRead More...

Small Form Factor Realm Churns out Boards and Standards
Small embedded computers—in both standard and non-standard form factors—are in high demand for military applications that are extremely space- or weight-constrained or whereRead More...

What's the Computer Inside?
When I participate in any kind of press meeting or briefing, I’m the guy who always asks a question–or many questions. I ask questions to satisfy my naturally curious nature, but alsoRead More...

Minimizing UAV Payloads with Ultra-Compact Computing
New generations of defense imaging systems, using sophisticated sensor technologies, generate invaluable information for modern warfare. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and laser radarRead More...

SSD Products Climb Aboard New Form Factors
Free from the woes of moving parts, flash-based solid-state disks (F-SSDs) are able to operate under the harshest conditions, unlike magnetic hard disk drives. And because F-SSDsRead More...

Multicore Boards Roundup
6U CompactPCI Boards Sport Quad Core Xeons The multicore trend has hit all levels of processor families, and the Xeon is no exception. Concurrent Technologies has released theRead More...

Multicore Solutions Target a Variety of Emerging Military Needs
Embedded developers in many arenas are constantly facing competitive pressure to provide more application features and improve performance capabilities. As a result, it’s becomeRead More...

Direct Spray Cooling Widens Choices in Harsh Airborne Environments
There’s no doubt that demand is on the rise for ever more computing density. Military platforms such as radar and image processing, electronic warfare, signal processing, command andRead More...

MicroTCA Gaining Ground in Military Applications
Deeply rooted in VME and CompactPCI platforms, military embedded design is undergoing a noticeable shift. Modern warfare initiatives are driving designers to find more bandwidth, whileRead More...

A Shortcut in the Road to VPX?
Developers of military systems have a close eye on VPX–formerly known as VITA 46. VPX is aimed specifically at defense applications and brings the performance of switched fabricRead More...

Small Form Factors Mean Big Design Choices
Military applications represent some of the most challenging and broad-ranging design demands today. New technologies can be difficult to adopt and develop quickly, and as a resultRead More...

Small Victories
Systems including small UAVs, robotics, mission-specific handheld systems, intelligent munitions and many others have one thing in common: a desire for small form factor embeddedRead More...

Military I/O Solutions Look Beyond 1553
Tried and true I/O schemes, such as MIL-STD-1553 and ARINC 429, remain popular for pure control applications. But they’re bandwidth-limited by today’s standards. A slew of multipurposeRead More...

COTS Products
BGA Adapters Adapt 0.50 mm Devices to 1.00 mm Boards Keeping up with and mitigating the impact of component obsolescence is a constant challenge in the military industry. ICs oftenRead More...

SUMIT Interconnect Spec Revamps Small Form Factor Landscape
Designers of high-performance embedded systems need to incorporate growing numbers and types of I/O in smaller and smaller off-the-shelf and semi-custom boards, while keeping theirRead More...

8051-Based ASP Family with Integrated Programmable Logic
The 8-bit 8051 microcontroller is still a popular solution for very small low-power military devices. The last trend toward application services platforms (ASPs) adds new flexibilityRead More...

COM Express Sports 2 GHz i7 Processor
Gone are the days of a long gap between when a mainstream processor emerged and when it made its way into the military embedded board realm. Exemplifying that trend, several vendorsRead More...

Small UAVs Step up to Advanced Comms Capabilities
The brisk investment in UAV development and procurement continues across all branches of the DoD. And that situation isn't expected to change under the current Administration. InRead More...

EPIC-sized SBC features Core 2 Duo and SUMIT
EPIC-Sized SBC features Core 2 Duo and SUMIT connector New performance levels in an EPIC-sized SBC have been achieved with the integration of the new Intel Core2 Duo (model P8400) 45Read More...

Atom-Based 3.5-inch SBC Provides Dual LVDS
Atom-Based 3.5-inch SBC Provides Dual LVDS The Atom processor has caught on like wildfire in military applications—especially where Size, Weight and Power (SWaP) is a priority.Read More...

COM Express Card Serves Up Higher Graphics Performance
COM Express has moved past the stage of tire-kicking and now has established itself as a here-to-stay form factor. The conga-CS45 from Congatec is a high-performance COM ExpressRead More...

Small Boards Serve Up Overlapping Innovations
Long gone are the days when small form factor boards were limited to a few types of standard form factors like PC/104. Today, while strategies vary among the various small embeddedRead More...

FPGA Boards Rev Up for Signal Processing Duties
Military applications like sonar, radar, SIGINT and software radio—all of which rely on heavy amounts of waveform processing—continue to leverage advances in FPGA technology. FasterRead More...

3.5-Inch SBC Sports New Generation Atom Processor
The Atom processor has caught on like wildfire in military embedded applications where size, weight and power top the list of requirements. Feeding those needs, WINRead More...

StackableUSB Carrier Boards Support SUMIT Spec
The SUMIT connector interface ranks as one of the most innovative approaches to maximized small form factor board space. Micro/sys has added to the growing line of StackableUSBRead More...

3.5-Inch Embedded Board Marries Atom and 2 Gbyte DRAM
The popular Atom CPU, now in its second generation, is finding its way into a variety of embedded board level platforms. Along such lines, American Portwell Technology hasRead More...

PC/104 Camp Ropes in Multiple Interconnect Schemes
PC/104 and all of its follow-on variants continue to hold an established position in military embedded systems. Now, as PCI Express and USB make their way into the PC/104 universe,Read More...

PC/104 and PC/104-Family Boards Roundup
Rugged EPIC SBC Features SUMIT Expansion The SUMIT interconnect scheme provides an innovative way to aggregate a variety of I/O types onto a compact connector. Marrying that ideaRead More...

Stand-Alone Rugged Boxes Come into their Own
Technology developments that reduce complexity and enhance usability are always a welcome addition to military applications. That need is being fueled by the increasing availability ofRead More...

FeaturePak Embedded I/O Comes to SUMIT-ISM Stacks
A new adapter board allows the use of FeaturePak I/O expansion modules in systems that provide SUMIT-ISM expansion stack locations. The FeaturePak socket on the SUMIT/FP AdapterRead More...

Energy-Efficient Processor Family Targets 1-Watt Video-Enabled Devices
Small electronic devices are in the mix of the most advanced military devices under development. A product family of energy-efficient embedded processors provides a small form factorRead More...

Small Form Factor Boards Roundup
COM Express Module Targets Graphics-Intensive Apps COM Express is rapidly becoming the non-backplane standard of choice for new military system designs. A new Computer-on-ModuleRead More...

Small UAVs Upgrade for New Capabilities
The flight control, mission control and communications gear aboard Small UAVs—like the Raven, Dragon Eye, Shadow and Bat—face some of the most challenging design restrictions.Read More...

Conduction Cooling Arms Stackable SBCs for Small UAV Duty
A significant challenge facing Ultra-Small UAV and Light Vehicle military system designers is the removal of heat from embedded computers. Fanless, sealed enclosures are usuallyRead More...

COM Express vs. PC/104 for Small UAV Systems
With the growing scope of today’s military, UAVs are performing a wider range of functions. Whether designed for reconnaissance, research, armed attacks or search and rescue, theseRead More...

COM Express Enables Powerful Small Form Factor Designs
In today’s mil/aero industry, there has been a shift from customized, proprietary solutions to leveraging COTS building blocks in the deployment of mobile, mission-critical andRead More...

COM Express Boards Roundup
COM Express Sports 2 GHz i7 Processor Gone are the days of a long gap between when a mainstream processor emerged and when it made its way into the military embedded board realm.Read More...

USB Expansion Modules Are Designed for SUMIT Boards
The SUMIT specification is one the more important innovations to emerge from the small form factor board community in many years. The SUMIT interface provides a variety of signalingRead More...

PCIe/104 SBC Leverages New Configurable Atom CPU
Size, Weight and Power (SWaP) are top priorities for today’s military system designer. Low-power processors like the Item Atom are smoothing the way. Kontron has introduced the firstRead More...

The Customer Shall Judge
As a member of the trade press I can’t hide a little bit of glee when controversies erupt in the standards-based embedded computer industry. That stuff never fails to provide juicyRead More...

SWaP Challenges Drive Small Form Factor SBC Needs
Once playing on the peripheral of military system needs, small form factor boards are now at the center of many key defense applications. The programs include small UAVs, robotics,Read More...

Small Form Factor Boards Roundup
COM Express Sports 2 GHz i7 Processor Gone are the days of a long gap between when a mainstream processor emerged and when it made its way into the military embedded board realm.Read More...